The research undertaken for Ofqual indicates that language used in assessments designed for test takers from different test taking groups such as gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and disability groups can involve the following modifications.

Change in the characteristics of the test tasks

This includes linguistic modification or simplified language, native language or bilingual presentation, as well as other forms of modification such as increase in font size, use of Braille, use of black and white instead of colour diagrams, etc. Other modified papers include A3 modified paper at 24 point bold, Braille papers and tactile diagrams with print labels.

Change in administration of test tasks

These include extended time, frequent breaks during the test, individual testing, translation and/or repetition of test items directions, use of sign language, oral reading of written directions and test items, individual or small group administration, separate location, for example.

Change in response to test tasks

These include use of a scribe, calculator, spelling aid, use of sign language, response in native language, for example.

To take investigation of the effects of such modifications forward Ofqual is seeking your views on three proposals and associated topics.

If you would like to read more about this subject before answering these questions, please look at the Ofqual commissioned report by language experts Anthony Kunnan and Martin Walker.

Responding to Proposals 4 to 6

Please complete the response form online. The form is available to print at Annex 1 of the PDF version of this consultation.